(Forward error correction coding is an important technology to end long-distance high-speed optical fiber communication. The basic concept of error correction code and error control is briefly described, and it is connected with the latest specification of ITU-T G. 707, G. 7O9 and G. 975, focusing on analyzing and comparing the two error control coding techniques (in-band FEC and out-of-band FEC) and their functions that are currently used in optical fiber communication, and finally gives the computer simulation effect.)