(After the introduction of the previous lessons, you should be familiar with cryptography knowledge such as symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption, digital signature and certificate.With this knowledge "bottom", now we can officially start to study HTTPS and TLS protocols.HTTPS connectionWhat happens when you type a URI starting with "HTTPS" in the address bar of your browser and press enter?Recall from Lesson 8 that you should know that the browser first extracts the protocol name and domain name from the URI. Because the protocol name is "HTTPS", the browser knows by default that the port number is 443. Then the domain name is resolved through DNS to obtain the target IP address, and then a TCP connection can be established with the website through three handshakes.In the HTTP protocol, the browser will send a request message immediately after the connection is established. But now it is HTTPS protocol, which needs to use another "handshake" process to establish a secure connection over TCP, and then send and receive HTTP packets.This "handshake" process is somewhat similar to TCP. It is the most important and core part of HTTPS and TLS protocols. After understanding, you can proudly say that you have "mastered HTTPS".)
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